Archive

  • No award for drive ban MP

    Worthing West MP Peter Bottomley has lost out on a prestigious award after he was banned from driving. Mr Bottomley was reportedly one of the favourites to win the inaugural Parliamentarian of the Year award organised by Brake, a charity dedicated to

  • No stomach?

    You are right to describe the prospect of a 16.5 per cent rise in Brighton and Hove's council tax as a fiasco. Local residents are using other f-words but they cannot be printed in a family newspaper. The Labour Government awarded the City one of the

  • No to nanny

    To those of us who have suffered from Brighton and Hove City Council's low standards of housing management under Councillor Jack Hazelgrove and his predecessors over the years, it came as no surprise to learn that tenant activist Dave Barnard was forced

  • Too much

    Some good news at last! Our thanks are due to Councillor Jayne Bennett for the courageous stand she has taken over the obscene increase in councillors' allowances (The Argus, November 28). At a time when the council has spent way over its budget yet again

  • Buy me out

    Three and a half years ago my husband and I bought our small retirement bungalow in a quiet area with delightful views of the countryside down the aptly-named View Road, on to which our front windows face. To the right, we see farmland and the Newhaven

  • Minister denies raping schoolgirl

    A Salvation Army minister raped a schoolgirl who turned to him for support, a jury has been told. It is alleged that Stephen Wilkes, wearing his uniform, stripped the 13-year-old of her school clothes and had sex with her after she visited his home during

  • Cycling: Nicole gets red carpet treatment

    Brighton Mitre rolled out the red carpet for guest of honour Nicole Cooke at the club's annual dinner. The women's World Cup winner and Commonwealth Games road race champion presented an impressive collection of silverware to Mitre members, most of which

  • Lesson in love

    I enjoy reading reviews by Laurence King and his write-up of the new film Ashes And Sand (set in Brighton) was no exception (The Argus, November 30). However, I must take him to task on one point. He refers to the performance of Lara Belmont as "amateur

  • Basketball: Brown suffers deja vu

    Mike Brown admits he is starting to get a bit of deja vu on European nights. Brighton Bears have become accustomed to winning in recent years, making their four successive ULEB Cup defeats something of a culture shock. For Brown, and longer-serving fans

  • Why can't police lay off young drivers?

    My 18-year-old son was driving his friends home from football practice last Tuesday night when he was stopped by police. He wound down his window but was told "get out of the car" (no "please, sir"). They examined the car in detail and warned that one

  • Cricket: Voros joins Sussex

    Sussex today strengthened their bowling attack by signing Australian-born left-armer Jason Voros. The 26-year-old has Hungarian parents and becomes English qualified on May 1 next year when Hungary are due to join the EU. Voros was all set to join Sussex

  • Woman hurt in sword attack

    A woman was attacked with a sword at her home in Brighton last night. Armed police were called to the address in Stanmer Park Road, Hollingdean, Brighton, just before midnight. The injured woman, believed to be in her 50s, was taken to the Royal Sussex

  • Insurance jobs face axe

    Up to 40 compulsory redundancies are expected at one of Worthing's largest employers. Norwich Union has announced it will make a series of staff cutbacks in the next six months. The positions will be filled at new offices in Delhi, Bangalore and Pune,

  • Students aim to make profit

    Calendars, T-shirts, scarves and jewellery are some of the items which will be on sale at the Young Enterprise Trade Fair. Students have set up their own companies as part of a Mid Sussex District Council initiative to bring schools and businesses together

  • 'Wake-up call' over waste

    The south east of England would need an area the size of France to make the region's consumption of natural resources sustainable. Economic development chiefs warn use of fossil fuel and raw materials is high enough for a land area 29 times the size of

  • Government blamed for local tax rises

    Blame for this year's 16.4 per cent increase in Brighton and Hove's council tax bills was today laid at the Government's door. The Audit Commission defied ministers by giving official confirmation cash had been switched from the South-East to Labour heartlands

  • Brighton bosses are happier

    Leeds may be the number one place to do business but Brighton bosses are much HAPPIER than their northern counterparts. A national survey to find the best place to do business put "the London of the North" at the top of a long list of cities. Brighton

  • House prices still rising after rate hike

    House prices rose another one per cent in November despite the impact of the first hike in interest rates for almost four years. The Halifax said annual house price inflation was 14.1 per cent higher than a year earlier, although this was down on the

  • 'We had Blair's big idea first'

    Tony Blair has been accused of copying his latest vote-winning idea from an internet consultancy in Hove. And his high-profile launch of the Labour Party's Big Conversation web site has prompted a flood of visits - to a firm's web site. The Prime Minister's

  • Election puzzle baffles Tories

    City Conservatives are in turmoil after a meeting to select their candidate for a marginal seat was suddenly called off. More than 100 people originally applied to stand against Labour MP Des Turner for the Brighton Kemptown seat in the next general election

  • December 4: Virgo off as Lee secures cup win

    Albion reserve team captain Adam Virgo was sent off together with two QPR rivals at Worthing on Wednesday night. Referee Fred Graham dismissed Virgo plus Rangers' front pair Paul Furlong and Richard Pacquette following a second-half flurry of blows on

  • Tony Blair 'copied our idea'

    Prime Minister Tony Blair has been accused of copying his latest vote-winning idea from an internet consultancy in Hove. And his high-profile launch of the Government's Big Conversation web site has prompted a flood of visits to the firm's web site. Jamie

  • Disgruntled wife's ultimatum over Christmas lights

    Millionaire businessman Robbie Raggio's wife has threatened to leave him if he covers their home in Christmas lights again. Debi Raggio has issued him with an ultimatum: "Either the lights go or I do." The tycoon, who made his fortune from a car wash

  • Jail for hotel room robber

    A man has been jailed for nine years for robbing a 91-year-old woman in her hotel room. The terrified victim said she thought she was going to be raped and killed when Jose Ferreira confronted her in the Eastbourne hotel in July last year, stealing £25

  • A nice rise

    I would have thought with the imminent council tax hike luring its ugly head, our illustrious councillors would have exercised some restraint in awarding themselves a large expense increase once again. It may well be a mere drop in the ocean but to most

  • Nuisance banned from own home

    A bachelor who developed a dangerous obsession with his downstairs neighbour has been banned from his own home. Lawrence Elleker, 60, launched a vendetta against Zoya Owen after the middle-aged mother spurned his tentative advances. For six years, the

  • Minister denies raping schoolgirl

    A Salvation Army minister raped a schoolgirl who turned to him for support, a jury has been told. It is alleged that Stephen Wilkes, wearing his uniform, stripped the 13-year-old of her school clothes and had sex with her after she visited his home during

  • Too much

    Some good news at last! Our thanks are due to Councillor Jayne Bennett for the courageous stand she has taken over the obscene increase in councillors' allowances (The Argus, November 28). At a time when the council has spent way over its budget yet again

  • No right

    What a confused letter from Peter Robinson ("It's my right", November 29). Political correctness, religious freedom, religious bigotry and freedom of speech all rolled into one confused mess. We are talking about the historic persecution of Catholics

  • Own goal

    Trying to justify Brighton and Hove City Council's apparent unwillingness to curb the nuisance of football on Brunswick Lawns, a spokesman says a ban would mean police officers arresting people "for playing the national game in a public park" (The Argus

  • Basketball: View from the coach, Nick Nurse

    Four down, four defeats and I am being asked if I have any regrets about our European adventure. Regrets? I'm loving every minute of it. Okay, I don't love the defeats or seeing empty seats when we have worked hard to bring such a high level of basketball

  • Lesson in love

    I enjoy reading reviews by Laurence King and his write-up of the new film Ashes And Sand (set in Brighton) was no exception (The Argus, November 30). However, I must take him to task on one point. He refers to the performance of Lara Belmont as "amateur

  • Basketball: Brown suffers deja vu

    Mike Brown admits he is starting to get a bit of deja vu on European nights. Brighton Bears have become accustomed to winning in recent years, making their four successive ULEB Cup defeats something of a culture shock. For Brown, and longer-serving fans

  • Why can't police lay off young drivers?

    My 18-year-old son was driving his friends home from football practice last Tuesday night when he was stopped by police. He wound down his window but was told "get out of the car" (no "please, sir"). They examined the car in detail and warned that one

  • Virgo off as Lee secures cup win

    Albion reserve team captain Adam Virgo was sent off together with two QPR rivals at Worthing on Wednesday night. Referee Fred Graham dismissed Virgo plus Rangers' front pair Paul Furlong and Richard Pacquette following a second-half flurry of blows on

  • Surgery named among Britain's best

    A Sussex treatment centre has been named as one of the best in the country. In a report on the state of the health service, staff at Holbrook Surgery, Horsham, were singled out for praise for their excellent work. NHS chief executive Sir Nigel Crisp said

  • Leon has spring in his step

    Albion goal ace Leon Knight has revealed how a tough upbringing in the east end of London has helped him become the Hackney hot-shot. Knight was raised by his Jamaican mum Charmaine and dad Bertie, from St Lucia, in one of the capital's most notorious

  • Students aim to make profit

    Calendars, T-shirts, scarves and jewellery are some of the items which will be on sale at the Young Enterprise Trade Fair. Students have set up their own companies as part of a Mid Sussex District Council initiative to bring schools and businesses together

  • Government blamed for local tax rises

    Blame for this year's 16.4 per cent increase in Brighton and Hove's council tax bills was today laid at the Government's door. The Audit Commission defied ministers by giving official confirmation cash had been switched from the South-East to Labour heartlands

  • Brighton bosses are happier

    Leeds may be the number one place to do business but Brighton bosses are much HAPPIER than their northern counterparts. A national survey to find the best place to do business put "the London of the North" at the top of a long list of cities. Brighton

  • Bid to spare Norwich jobs axe

    Union leaders hope to persuade insurance company bosses against shedding jobs in Sussex. Dozens of staff at Norwich Union's Worthing offices are facing compulsory redundancy because of the work switch to Delhi, Bangalore and Pune. Today Amicus representatives

  • Play money sparks bomb scare

    A sock packed with Monopoly money triggered a full-scale bomb alert outside Lewes Prison. A member of the public raised the alarm when he spotted the suspicious package at the entrance to the prison yesterday. Bomb disposal teams were called in as police

  • Ex-tagger backs our graffiti campaign

    A repentant tagger has backed a campaign by The Argus to rid Brighton and Hove of graffiti. Lee Megee, 32, used to clamber over railway embankments and tunnels to scrawl tags on trains, bridges and walls. But he has now urged the vandals defacing property

  • Election puzzle baffles Tories

    City Conservatives are in turmoil after a meeting to select their candidate for a marginal seat was suddenly called off. More than 100 people originally applied to stand against Labour MP Des Turner for the Brighton Kemptown seat in the next general election

  • Two firms vie for Barracks site

    Two developers remain in the race to develop the Preston Barracks site in Brighton with futuristic designs. CDHA and Urban Catalyst have been chosen from a shortlist of four for the site off Lewes Road. The unsuccessful bidders were Urban Life and Rokeagle

  • Government blamed for council tax hike

    Blame for this year's increase in Sussex council tax bills was today laid at the Government's door. The Audit Commission defied ministers by confirming cash had been switched from the South-East to Labour heartlands in the north. Brighton and Hove got

  • Pure, New Venture Theatre, Brighton, until December 6 2003

    There is a fascinating theatrical treat to be found at the New Venture with this one-woman show. It recounts the events surrounding the life and death of Tahirih, a Persian poet and mystic who heralded a new age of emancipation of women by challenging

  • Daniel Bedingfield, Brighton Centre, December 2 2003

    It may have been a particularly miserable Tuesday evening but several thousand people were certainly enjoying themselves at the Brighton Centre. Daniel Bedingfield's rise to fame has been no less than meteoric and, in the past 18 months, he has trounced

  • Jail for hotel room robber

    A man has been jailed for nine years for robbing a 91-year-old woman in her hotel room. The terrified victim said she thought she was going to be raped and killed when Jose Ferreira confronted her in the Eastbourne hotel in July last year, stealing £25

  • A nice rise

    I would have thought with the imminent council tax hike luring its ugly head, our illustrious councillors would have exercised some restraint in awarding themselves a large expense increase once again. It may well be a mere drop in the ocean but to most

  • Time for new faces

    Brighton and Hove City Council is forecasting an increase in council tax of 16.5 per cent for 2004. Since Hove merged with Brighton, council tax has risen by an average of ten per cent each year. Despite elections, we still have basically the same councillors

  • Impose fines now

    I cannot understand why there is confusion over the new mobile phone law for the drivers (The Argus, December 2). It is now against the law to hold a mobile phone to your ear while driving, stopped by traffic lights or waiting in a queue of traffic. Driving

  • Wise up

    People who complain about the rise in council tax need to understand the realities of life. At present, it takes the council tax of 140 average households to pay the annual salary for Brighton and Hove City Council's chief executive. A massive hike in

  • No right

    What a confused letter from Peter Robinson ("It's my right", November 29). Political correctness, religious freedom, religious bigotry and freedom of speech all rolled into one confused mess. We are talking about the historic persecution of Catholics

  • Own goal

    Trying to justify Brighton and Hove City Council's apparent unwillingness to curb the nuisance of football on Brunswick Lawns, a spokesman says a ban would mean police officers arresting people "for playing the national game in a public park" (The Argus

  • Basketball: View from the coach, Nick Nurse

    Four down, four defeats and I am being asked if I have any regrets about our European adventure. Regrets? I'm loving every minute of it. Okay, I don't love the defeats or seeing empty seats when we have worked hard to bring such a high level of basketball

  • Virgo off as Lee secures cup win

    Albion reserve team captain Adam Virgo was sent off together with two QPR rivals at Worthing on Wednesday night. Referee Fred Graham dismissed Virgo plus Rangers' front pair Paul Furlong and Richard Pacquette following a second-half flurry of blows on

  • Leon has spring in his step

    Albion goal ace Leon Knight has revealed how a tough upbringing in the east end of London has helped him become the Hackney hot-shot. Knight was raised by his Jamaican mum Charmaine and dad Bertie, from St Lucia, in one of the capital's most notorious

  • Hart vows to stay fired up

    Gary Hart admitted today he will not be cleaning up his act, because it makes him play worse. Albion's fiery right winger is resigned to more yellow peril as he returns to the starting line-up for Sunday's LDV Vans Trophy tie at Queens Park Rangers. Hart

  • Hunt for the best managers

    Sussex companies are being invited to take part in a competition to find the best managed company in the United Kingdom. The Institute of Directors (IoD), in association with Cranfield School of Management, will be selecting the nation's best-managed

  • Bid to spare Norwich jobs axe

    Union leaders hope to persuade insurance company bosses against shedding jobs in Sussex. Dozens of staff at Norwich Union's Worthing offices are facing compulsory redundancy because of the work switch to Delhi, Bangalore and Pune. Today Amicus representatives

  • Coming to terms with a childhood tragedy

    A small boy with feathery blond hair stares out from the cover of Hattie Gordon's book. The grainy black and white photo captures a quizzical look in his innocent eyes. It is an endearing picture, made all the more poignant when you read the accompanying

  • Play money sparks bomb scare

    A sock packed with Monopoly money triggered a full-scale bomb alert outside Lewes Prison. A member of the public raised the alarm when he spotted the suspicious package at the entrance to the prison yesterday. Bomb disposal teams were called in as police

  • Ex-tagger backs our graffiti campaign

    A repentant tagger has backed a campaign by The Argus to rid Brighton and Hove of graffiti. Lee Megee, 32, used to clamber over railway embankments and tunnels to scrawl tags on trains, bridges and walls. But he has now urged the vandals defacing property

  • Nuisance banned from own home

    A bachelor who developed a dangerous obsession with his downstairs neighbour has been banned from his own home. Lawrence Elleker, 60, launched a vendetta against Zoya Owen after the middle-aged mother spurned his tentative advances. For six years, the

  • Two firms vie for Barracks site

    Two developers remain in the race to develop the Preston Barracks site in Brighton with futuristic designs. CDHA and Urban Catalyst have been chosen from a shortlist of four for the site off Lewes Road. The unsuccessful bidders were Urban Life and Rokeagle

  • December 4: Hart vows to stay fired up

    Gary Hart admitted today he will not be cleaning up his act, because it makes him play worse. Albion's fiery right winger is resigned to more yellow peril as he returns to the starting line-up for Sunday's LDV Vans Trophy tie at Queens Park Rangers. Hart

  • December 4: Leon has spring in his step

    Albion goal ace Leon Knight has revealed how a tough upbringing in the east end of London has helped him become the Hackney hot-shot. Knight was raised by his Jamaican mum Charmaine and dad Bertie, from St Lucia, in one of the capital's most notorious

  • Government blamed for council tax hike

    Blame for this year's increase in Sussex council tax bills was today laid at the Government's door. The Audit Commission defied ministers by confirming cash had been switched from the South-East to Labour heartlands in the north. Brighton and Hove got

  • PC's 'helmet-cam' plan

    Police officers could be turned into walking surveillance cameras. Teams of 'camera coppers' would patrol trouble hot spots while wired-up to CCTV vans. Secret cameras fitted to their helmets would film villains and troublemakers in the act. Lenses the

  • No award for drive ban MP

    Worthing West MP Peter Bottomley has lost out on a prestigious award after he was banned from driving. Mr Bottomley was reportedly one of the favourites to win the inaugural Parliamentarian of the Year award organised by Brake, a charity dedicated to

  • Pure, New Venture Theatre, Brighton, until December 6 2003

    There is a fascinating theatrical treat to be found at the New Venture with this one-woman show. It recounts the events surrounding the life and death of Tahirih, a Persian poet and mystic who heralded a new age of emancipation of women by challenging

  • Daniel Bedingfield, Brighton Centre, December 2 2003

    It may have been a particularly miserable Tuesday evening but several thousand people were certainly enjoying themselves at the Brighton Centre. Daniel Bedingfield's rise to fame has been no less than meteoric and, in the past 18 months, he has trounced

  • No stomach?

    You are right to describe the prospect of a 16.5 per cent rise in Brighton and Hove's council tax as a fiasco. Local residents are using other f-words but they cannot be printed in a family newspaper. The Labour Government awarded the City one of the

  • Time for new faces

    Brighton and Hove City Council is forecasting an increase in council tax of 16.5 per cent for 2004. Since Hove merged with Brighton, council tax has risen by an average of ten per cent each year. Despite elections, we still have basically the same councillors

  • Park sex attack on girl, 14

    A 14-year-old girl was indecently assaulted as she crossed playing fields. The teenager was walking alone through Janes Lane recreation ground, Burgess Hill, when she was approached from behind. She managed to fend of the attacker by pushing him away

  • No award for drive ban MP

    Worthing West MP Peter Bottomley has lost out on a prestigious award after he was banned from driving. Mr Bottomley was reportedly one of the favourites to win the inaugural Parliamentarian of the Year award organised by Brake, a charity dedicated to

  • Insurance jobs face axe

    Up to 40 compulsory redundancies are expected at one of Worthing's largest employers. Norwich Union has announced it will make a series of staff cutbacks in the next six months. The positions will be filled at new offices in Delhi, Bangalore and Pune,

  • More post offices to shut

    Two more Post Offices in East Sussex are to close in another round of cost-cutting, despite fierce resistance from users. The post office in New Town, Uckfield, will shut on January 10 and Hawkswood, Hailsham, will close on January 12. The decision follows

  • Jail for hotel room robber

    A man has been jailed for nine years for robbing a 91-year-old woman in her Eastbourne hotel room. The terrified victim said she thought she was going to be raped and killed when Jose Ferreira confronted her in the hotel in July last year, stealing £25

  • Impose fines now

    I cannot understand why there is confusion over the new mobile phone law for the drivers (The Argus, December 2). It is now against the law to hold a mobile phone to your ear while driving, stopped by traffic lights or waiting in a queue of traffic. Driving

  • No to nanny

    To those of us who have suffered from Brighton and Hove City Council's low standards of housing management under Councillor Jack Hazelgrove and his predecessors over the years, it came as no surprise to learn that tenant activist Dave Barnard was forced

  • Wise up

    People who complain about the rise in council tax need to understand the realities of life. At present, it takes the council tax of 140 average households to pay the annual salary for Brighton and Hove City Council's chief executive. A massive hike in

  • Buy me out

    Three and a half years ago my husband and I bought our small retirement bungalow in a quiet area with delightful views of the countryside down the aptly-named View Road, on to which our front windows face. To the right, we see farmland and the Newhaven

  • Minister denies raping schoolgirl

    A Salvation Army minister raped a schoolgirl who turned to him for support, a jury has been told. It is alleged that Stephen Wilkes, wearing his uniform, stripped the 13-year-old of her school clothes and had sex with her after she visited his home during

  • Cycling: Nicole gets red carpet treatment

    Brighton Mitre rolled out the red carpet for guest of honour Nicole Cooke at the club's annual dinner. The women's World Cup winner and Commonwealth Games road race champion presented an impressive collection of silverware to Mitre members, most of which

  • Cricket: Voros joins Sussex

    Sussex today strengthened their bowling attack by signing Australian-born left-armer Jason Voros. The 26-year-old has Hungarian parents and becomes English qualified on May 1 next year when Hungary are due to join the EU. Voros was all set to join Sussex

  • Hart vows to stay fired up

    Gary Hart admitted today he will not be cleaning up his act, because it makes him play worse. Albion's fiery right winger is resigned to more yellow peril as he returns to the starting line-up for Sunday's LDV Vans Trophy tie at Queens Park Rangers. Hart

  • Woman hurt in sword attack

    A woman was attacked with a sword at her home in Brighton last night. Armed police were called to the address in Stanmer Park Road, Hollingdean, Brighton, just before midnight. The injured woman, believed to be in her 50s, was taken to the Royal Sussex

  • Insurance jobs face axe

    Up to 40 compulsory redundancies are expected at one of Worthing's largest employers. Norwich Union has announced it will make a series of staff cutbacks in the next six months. The positions will be filled at new offices in Delhi, Bangalore and Pune,

  • 'Wake-up call' over waste

    The south east of England would need an area the size of France to make the region's consumption of natural resources sustainable. Economic development chiefs warn use of fossil fuel and raw materials is high enough for a land area 29 times the size of

  • Hunt for the best managers

    Sussex companies are being invited to take part in a competition to find the best managed company in the United Kingdom. The Institute of Directors (IoD), in association with Cranfield School of Management, will be selecting the nation's best-managed

  • House prices still rising after rate hike

    House prices rose another one per cent in November despite the impact of the first hike in interest rates for almost four years. The Halifax said annual house price inflation was 14.1 per cent higher than a year earlier, although this was down on the

  • 'We had Blair's big idea first'

    Tony Blair has been accused of copying his latest vote-winning idea from an internet consultancy in Hove. And his high-profile launch of the Labour Party's Big Conversation web site has prompted a flood of visits - to a firm's web site. The Prime Minister's

  • Coming to terms with a childhood tragedy

    A small boy with feathery blond hair stares out from the cover of Hattie Gordon's book. The grainy black and white photo captures a quizzical look in his innocent eyes. It is an endearing picture, made all the more poignant when you read the accompanying

  • Nuisance banned from own home

    A bachelor who developed a dangerous obsession with his downstairs neighbour has been banned from his own home. Lawrence Elleker, 60, launched a vendetta against Zoya Owen after the middle-aged mother spurned his tentative advances. For six years, the

  • December 4: Hart vows to stay fired up

    Gary Hart admitted today he will not be cleaning up his act, because it makes him play worse. Albion's fiery right winger is resigned to more yellow peril as he returns to the starting line-up for Sunday's LDV Vans Trophy tie at Queens Park Rangers. Hart

  • December 4: Leon has spring in his step

    Albion goal ace Leon Knight has revealed how a tough upbringing in the east end of London has helped him become the Hackney hot-shot. Knight was raised by his Jamaican mum Charmaine and dad Bertie, from St Lucia, in one of the capital's most notorious

  • December 4: Virgo off as Lee secures cup win

    Albion reserve team captain Adam Virgo was sent off together with two QPR rivals at Worthing on Wednesday night. Referee Fred Graham dismissed Virgo plus Rangers' front pair Paul Furlong and Richard Pacquette following a second-half flurry of blows on

  • Tony Blair 'copied our idea'

    Prime Minister Tony Blair has been accused of copying his latest vote-winning idea from an internet consultancy in Hove. And his high-profile launch of the Government's Big Conversation web site has prompted a flood of visits to the firm's web site. Jamie

  • Disgruntled wife's ultimatum over Christmas lights

    Millionaire businessman Robbie Raggio's wife has threatened to leave him if he covers their home in Christmas lights again. Debi Raggio has issued him with an ultimatum: "Either the lights go or I do." The tycoon, who made his fortune from a car wash

  • PC's 'helmet-cam' plan

    Police officers could be turned into walking surveillance cameras. Teams of 'camera coppers' would patrol trouble hot spots while wired-up to CCTV vans. Secret cameras fitted to their helmets would film villains and troublemakers in the act. Lenses the